May 15, 2010

Baseball - Air Resistance



If a baseball is traveling at a speed at or less than 50 mph, the air flow around the ball is relatively smooth (assuming that there is little or no wind). Interesting enough, there is a layer surrounding the ball (same conditions apply) so that if there were a bug (or any other object for that matter) on the ball, they would not even feel the slightest breeze hit them while the ball travels at the speed of a fast-moving car. This layer loses area of the "impenetrable invisible layer" up until around 200 mph where the layer is totally nonexistent. Therefore, the flight of the ball is hardly altered if it is traveling at a speed of 50 mph, but as its speed increases from this magical number of 50 mph, the path the ball has to take becomes much more turbulent.

Also factoring into the force of air resistance that the ball feels is the spin that it holds. The stitching on the ball makes the drag depend on the position of the axis of rotation with respect to its stitch pattern, the direction of this axis with ground and the direction of the flight of the ball, and the velocity of the rotation of this ball. Because of this factor and the factors named in the first paragraph, if you were to throw a 90 mph fastball with 1500 rpm, the drag (since it is thrown over 50 mph) would cause the ball to travel to home plate (60 ft away from the pitching rubber) in 1/2 a second slower than a non-spinning ball.

No comments:

Post a Comment